QALVE

§ 03 — Article I · Practice

Taxation & Regulatory

Direct and indirect tax planning and compliance, for clients who would rather plan for the Income Tax Department than react to it.

Governing law
Income-tax Act, 1961 · CGST Act, 2017
Who it's for
Companies · LLPs · Foreign subsidiaries
Jurisdictions
India-wide
Speak to
Shahbaz Mullick

Every operating business in India carries two parallel tax obligations that run on different clocks: direct tax under the Income-tax Act, 1961 — computed annually but increasingly enforced through withholding (TDS) on a monthly basis — and indirect tax under the CGST Act, 2017 and its state counterparts, which run on a monthly or quarterly return cycle from the day GST registration is granted.

The way this usually goes wrong isn't a missed payment — it's a missed reconciliation. GSTR-3B is filed on time, but never checked against GSTR-2B for input tax credit mismatches. TDS is deducted, but deposited a few days late, which under Section 40(a)(ia) can disallow the entire underlying expense, not just draw interest. Individually small compliance gaps compound into an assessment that costs far more than the original tax would have.

Qalve's approach treats the compliance calendar and the tax position as the same problem — registrations, returns, and TDS obligations tracked against the entity's actual transactions, so a scrutiny notice or a GST mismatch notice is answered from a reconciled position, not reconstructed under deadline pressure.

For companies with related-party cross-border transactions, this also covers transfer pricing documentation — coordinated with Cross-Border Trade & Advisory where FEMA reporting and tax reporting intersect.

Scope of advisory

What this covers

Direct Tax Planning & Compliance

Corporate tax return filing — ITR-6 and related computations, prepared against the actual books, not estimated at deadline.

Advance tax computation — quarterly instalments calculated to avoid interest under Sections 234B and 234C.

Tax audit coordination — Section 44AB thresholds tracked and the audit arranged before it becomes a default.

Transfer pricing documentation — for related-party cross-border transactions.

GST Registration & Returns

Registration — regular or composition scheme, assessed against actual turnover and supply type.

GSTR-1 & GSTR-3B filing — reconciled against books before filing, not after a notice arrives.

E-invoicing compliance — for entities crossing the applicable turnover threshold.

Input tax credit reconciliation — GSTR-2B matching to protect credit that's actually available.

TDS/TCS Compliance

TAN registration and deduction-rate mapping across payment types.

Quarterly TDS returns — Form 24Q/26Q, filed against actual deductions made and deposited.

Form 16/16A issuance — to employees and vendors on schedule.

Assessments, Notices & Representation

Income tax scrutiny notices — Section 143(2) responses prepared with supporting documentation.

GST department notices — mismatch and demand notices answered from a reconciled position.

Representation before tax authorities — assessments, appeals, and rectification applications.

§ Governing framework

The statutes this is argued from

Not a generic tax checklist — the specific Act, section, and regulator each obligation routes through.

Direct taxIncome-tax Act, 1961
Indirect taxCGST Act, 2017 · State GST Acts · IGST Act, 2017
Tax audit thresholdSection 44AB, Income-tax Act, 1961
TDS default consequenceSection 40(a)(ia) / Section 201, Income-tax Act, 1961
E-invoicing mandateRule 48(4), CGST Rules, 2017
RegulatorCentral Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) · Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs (CBIC) · GSTN

§ Process

How we work

  1. 01

    Assess

    Map every direct and indirect tax obligation the entity actually has — not a generic checklist.

  2. 02

    Register

    GST, TAN, and any state-specific registration needed before the first taxable transaction.

  3. 03

    File

    Monthly or quarterly GST and TDS returns, reconciled against actual books, not estimated.

  4. 04

    Defend

    Represent the entity if a scrutiny notice, GST mismatch notice, or assessment arrives.

§ Who this serves

Client archetypes

Growing businesses

Crossing the GST registration threshold for the first time and setting up the filing rhythm correctly.

Companies with a compliance gap

Facing TDS defaults or ITC mismatches that need reconciling before they escalate.

Businesses under scrutiny

That have received a tax or GST notice and need a properly documented response.

Foreign subsidiaries

Needing transfer pricing documentation for related-party cross-border transactions.

What is the GST registration turnover threshold in India?

As a general rule, ₹40 lakh in aggregate turnover for suppliers of goods and ₹20 lakh for suppliers of services (lower thresholds apply in special category states), though several categories of business must register regardless of turnover — for example, anyone making inter-state taxable supplies or selling through an e-commerce operator. The exact threshold that applies depends on the state and the nature of supply.

What happens if TDS is not deducted or deposited on time?

Under Section 40(a)(ia) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, the underlying expense can be disallowed for the payer, in addition to interest under Section 201(1A) and a penalty for the default itself. It's a compounding cost — the disallowance alone often exceeds what the correctly deducted TDS would have been.

What's the difference between GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B?

GSTR-1 reports the details of outward supplies (sales) made during the period, while GSTR-3B is a summary return declaring total tax liability and input tax credit claimed, along with the actual tax payment. Mismatches between the two — or between GSTR-3B and the auto-populated GSTR-2B — are one of the most common triggers for a GST department notice.

Is a tax audit mandatory for every business?

No — it depends on turnover thresholds under Section 44AB of the Income-tax Act, 1961, which differ for a business versus a profession, and shift further for taxpayers opting into presumptive taxation schemes. Crossing the threshold without arranging the audit on time itself draws a penalty, separate from any tax ultimately assessed as due.

What should I do if I receive an income tax scrutiny notice?

First, verify it against the income tax e-filing portal — notices are increasingly digital and faceless, and fraudulent notices do circulate. Then respond within the stated timeline with the documents actually requested; an unanswered scrutiny notice under Section 143(2) tends to escalate faster and on worse terms than one that's engaged with properly from the first response.

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